Network tools and utilities

tftp on MacOS v26 (Tahoe) [CANCELLED]

preface

tftp was depreciated from macOS.

lesson (might be useful)

Check is it available

ls /usr/libexec/tftpd

Create local tftp directory AS NORMAL user

export u="anton-w"
export dir="/Users/${u}/delme/tftp"
mkdir -p ${dir}
cd ${dir}
pwd

current status

netstat -f inet | grep tftp
lsof -iUDP:69
lsof -nPi | grep ":69"

stop service and verify

export s="system/com.apple.tftpd"
launchctl stop ${s}
launchctl bootout ${s}
launchctl disable ${s}
launchctl remove ${s}
launchctl list | grep ${s}

netstat -f inet | grep tftp
lsof -iUDP:69
lsof -nPi | grep ":69"

default config has disabled option, override is needed

export f="/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist"
cat ${f} | grep com.apple.tftpd
cat ${f} | grep -i -A1 disabled

Create override

export f="/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist"
export      fov="/Library/LaunchDaemons/local.tftp.plist"
cp ${f} ${fov}
ls -la ${fov}
vi     ${fov}

Content

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
        <key>Disabled</key>
        <false/>
        <key>Label</key>
        <string>local.tftp</string>
        <key>ProgramArguments</key>
        <array>
                <string>/usr/libexec/tftpd</string>
                <string>-d</string>
                <string>-l</string>
                <string>-s</string>
                <string>/Users/anton-w/delme/tftp</string>
                <string>-u</string>
                <string>anton-w</string>
        </array>
        <key>inetdCompatibility</key>
        <dict>
                <key>Wait</key>
                <true/>
        </dict>
        <key>InitGroups</key>
        <true/>
        <key>Sockets</key>
        <dict>
                <key>Listeners</key>
                <dict>
                        <key>SockServiceName</key>
                        <string>tftp</string>
                        <key>SockType</key>
                        <string>dgram</string>
                </dict>
        </dict>
</dict>
</plist>

Verify plist file

cat ${fov} | grep -i -A1 disabled
plutil -lint ${fov}

Set ownership and permissions

ls -la ${fov}
chown root:wheel ${fov}
chmod 644 ${fov}
ls -la ${fov}

Enable service

export s="system/local.tftp"

launchctl stop ${s}
launchctl bootout ${s}
launchctl disable ${s}
launchctl remove ${s}
launchctl list | grep ${s}

launchctl enable ${s}
export f="/Library/LaunchDaemons/local.tftp.plist"
launchctl load -wF ${f}
# launchctl bootstrap system ${s}

launchctl start ${s}
launchctl list ${s}
launchctl print ${s} | grep state

New file should be in the dump

launchctl dumpstate | grep ".plist" | grep ftp

Verify that default TFTP root exists

ls -la /private/tftpboot

Create if missing

sudo mkdir -p /private/tftpboot
sudo chmod 777 /private/tftpboot

Verify tftp is listening on

netstat -f inet | grep tftp
netstat -an | grep "*.69"
netstat -atp UDP | grep tftp
lsof -iUDP:69
lsof -nPi | grep ":69"

Check state firewall

sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate

if needed, create a rule to allow

sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add /usr/libexec/tftpd
sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --unblockapp /usr/libexec/tftpd

I am using Little Snitch, thus my native firewall is disabled.

TFTP daemon is set up and ready to receive/transmit files.

troubleshooting

launchctl dumpstate | grep ".plist" | grep ftp

log stream         --style syslog --predicate 'process == "launchctl"'
log stream         --style syslog --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.xpc.launchctl"'
log show --last 5m --style syslog --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.xpc.launchctl"'

Start daemon manually

	/usr/libexec/tftpd \
		-d \
		-l \
		-s \
		/Users/anton-w/delme/tftp \
		-u \
		anton-w

FIle exist, is executable , but does not do anything.

pkgutil --file-info /usr/libexec/tftpd
# no package provides
codesign -dv /usr/libexec/tftpd
# has not authority
csrutil authenticated-root status
file /usr/libexec/tftpd
mount | grep "sealed"

Go home.

Terminal via serial port on MacOS Sonoma

Connect

Verify connectivity

system_profiler SPUSBDataType | grep -i -A5 serial


ioreg -p IOUSB

Identify device

ls -ltr /dev/tty*

Disconnect, connect back, repeat command to identify it is exactly the same device (it will be usually owned by the root, but by user)

ls -ltr /dev/

Attach screen to the serial port

screen /dev/ttys003 115200

Exit nicely, press

CTRL+A
K
Y

Speed tests

Speed tests

Global speed tests providers

Remember to open a new test in the new private session window (to ensure new TCP connection will be established)

CloudFlare

https://speed.cloudflare.com

Does measure download for different sizes. Presents jitter in graphical way. Very good

Network Time Protocol (NTP)

Network Time Protocol (NTP)

Favourite NTP servers

In Turkey

In Finland

In Russia

In France

In United Arab Emirates

0.ae.pool.ntp.org
1.ae.pool.ntp.org
2.ae.pool.ntp.org
3.ae.pool.ntp.org

ntp1.recro.ae
ntp2.recro.ae

In Saudi Arabia